Engine piston



Patented Apr. 5, 1927.

UNITED STAT-ES FRANK N. BOSS, E- CRA'NSTON, RHODE ISLAND.

ELECTRIC CANDLE.

Application filed April 11, 1925. Serial No. 22,282.

My invention relates to that type of electric candles wherein a shaft of relatively insulating material is made to resemble a candle body, and an incandescent electric a light bulb, with suitable electrical connections, represents the candle flame.

, The essential objects of my invention are the capability of facile assemblage,'disassemblage, and portability; security against fire; accessibility to the electric terminals;

and simplicity and inexpensiveness of construction. v

To the above ends essentially my invention consists in such parts and in such com- 16 binations of parts as fall within the scope of the appended claim,

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification Figure 1 is a vetrical central section of my candle, M 1

Figure 2, a side elevation of the lower portion of the same, v a

Figure 3, a section of the base of the latter on line 33 of Figure 2, and Figures 4 and 5, transverse sections on lines 4-4 and 55 respectively of Figure 1.

Like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the views. a

The body or shaft 8 of the candle is preferably of wood, porcelain, or other electrically insulating inaterial comprising upper and lower tubular sections 9 and 10 respectively. The lower portion of the section 10 5 is integral with a tray 11 provided in its base 13 withhorizontal parallel passages 14 extending from its exterior to an extended portion of the bore 15 of the candle body. In the bores 15 and 16 of the body sections 10 and 9 are frictionally or otherwise fixed internally threaded sleeves 18 and 19 respec- .tively of vulcanized rubber: or other insulating material; I

A receiving plug or contact 1nember 23 of rubber or other insulating material has a cylindrical body portion 24 fittedin the top of the bore 15, and a diametrically reduced externally threaded portion 25 adapted to engage the thread of the sleeve 18, In

section, sleeves in the adjacent ends 0 the two longitudinal openings 27 extending through the member 23 are fixed metallic tubular terminals 28, in the lower ends of which are engaged the exposed ends of insulated conductors 29 extending through the passages 14 to any convenient source of electrical current.

A'n entrant plug or contact member 33 has a hard rubber body portion 34 in the lower end of the bore 16, and a reduced ex teriorly threaded end portion 35 engaging the sleeve 19. Longitudinal openings 37 through the member 33 havefixed therein I metallic sleeves or tubular terminals 38 which receive the exposed ends of insulated electric wires or conductors 39. In -the lower ends of the sleeves 38 are fixed the upper ends of metallic posts or contact memers 40 having compressible bifurcated lower portions projecting downwardly to slidably enter the tubular'terminals 28.

Fixed in the upper end of the bore 16 is a socket member 42 containing a screw threaded metallic cup 44 containing an insulating ring 45 to afford spaced insulated areas or contacts for attachment thereto of the upper ends of the wires 39. The cup 44 receives the threaded metallic base. 49 of the electric lamp bu-lb 41 In an article of the character described, a supporting tray having a tubular section rising therefrom, a second tubular section resting upon and supported by the firstnamed section, an electric light on the u per 86 sections, "a socket member of insulating material engaging the sleeve in the lower section, vertical tubular contacts enclosed in the socket member, an entrant member of insulating material engaging the sleeve in the upper section, depending metallic posts in the entrant member adapted to register in the tubular contacts, and electrically connected with the lamp.

. In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.

FRANK N. Boss.

Apr'iL' 5, 1927..

J. H. BURPEE ET AL ENGINE PISTON Filed Sept. 12, 1922 ail V ATTORNEY.

W 4 d/rwl INVENTORQ Patented Apr. 5, 1927.

UNITED 'srres Parent OFFICE.

JOHN H. nunrnn AND DAVID n. time, or IBELLINGHAM, WASHINGTON.

ENGINE PISTON.

Ourinvention relates to improvements in engine pistons, more especially those used in internal combustion engines. plied for LettersPatent, Serial No. 497,680,

filed Sept. .1, 1921, for a piston operating on the same general principles as the subject of this application. One of the objects of our improvements is to provide a piston which requires no packing rings but in whlch a zone of the main piston body is in close,

gas-tight contact with the cylinder periphery during engine operation. Another object of our improvements is to provlde a pistdn in which there is free movement be is tween piston head and body during dlrect transmission of heat from said'head to said body. Another object of our improvements is to provide a piston in which a zone on the inner end of the main piston body is causedto expand by operative heat from the piston head and maintain a gas-tight contact with the engine cylinder and not overbear on said cylinder to cause undue fric; tion. Another object of our improvements is to provide, a piston in which the contact with the engine cylinder is confined to a zone on the inner end of the piston. An-

other object of our improvements is to provide a piston whichaffords a direct path for heat'i' om its head to the-entire cylinder circumference through its body; and a further object of our improvements is to provide a piston adapted for quantity production by simple processes on ordinary engine lathes.

We attain these objects with the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings, forming a part of this specification in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of our piston mounted in a cylinder said cylinder being in verticalcross section on a medial plane and a part of said piston also being in vertical-cross section on said plane, Fig. 2is a top plan view of said piston and cylinder in section on the dropped line 2-2 of Fig. 1 Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of said piston shown in Fig.1, Fig. 4: is a side elevation of a similar piston varying in a single detail, Fig. 5 is a,v plan view of Fig. 4: in section on the dropped line 5-5 of Fig.

Similar characters refer to slmilar parts We have ap- 4., and Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a piston throughout. Certain parts are broken away to show other parts hidden thereby.

More particularly: The engine cylinder l is shown at A. The outer end of the main cylindrical piston body is shown at 7 an the inner end of the same at 8, and between these two ends is interior annular boss or flange 9. The inner piston end 8'is plain in Figs. 1 and 2' and thicker than outer end If. in Figsld and5 inner end 8 is fluted longitud nally with grooves a a",.iormmg llbS if. 0*. dented by annular groove (i aboveboss 9. The only diiierences in the three pistons 'illustrated reside in flutes a and annular:

groove d tor'said groove can be used in either of the other forms. Oil groove 0 is cut in the piston body exterior to boss'9. Pin holes 10 are made in bosses 11, 11 on the interior of outer end 7. Said outer end of the piston preferably ends with said pin bosses. Figs. 1' and 3, on which is mounted connect- In Fig. 6 inner end 8 1s inp The wrist pin is shown at 12, in

ing rod 13. The piston head consists of cap 1 14 and cylindrical extension 15 thereto. Said extension has flange a which ismade larger than the bore of flange 9 and forced into the same under considerable pressure to become a rigid part of the piston. Said extension is forced into said bore till the annular surface a of cap 1% is closely seated and abutting on end a of the piston body. When the piston head is'in place interior chamber 16 is enclosed between said head and body. In practice the diameterot the bore of boss 9 need be smaller than the diameter of the interior cylindrical'surface of end 8 only to allowflange a to pass.

During operation cap 14 of the piston head expands to nearly reach the outer circumference of piston body. 8 and chamber 16 must be suiiiciently wide to prevent interior extension 15 from coming into contact with 8. Then when the temperature of cap 14 falls it shrinks, and thus abutting surface a -moves over abutting-surface 6 Then heat passes from cap '14 through these abutting surfaces of contactto end, 8 of 

